U.S. sees surge in Bitcoin mining by Chinese operators
In a significant turn of events, the United States has displaced China as the global leader in Bitcoin mining, marking a notable shift in the landscape of the cryptocurrency industry. This change was precipitated by a series of political initiatives, tariffs, and growing mistrust of Chinese technology.
The story began in 2021, when China held a dominant position in both the Bitcoin network's hashrate and the production of mining hardware. However, this began to change with Donald Trump's election victory in 2024. Eric Trump and Donald Trump Jr. founded the company American Bitcoin, partnering with a mining company to build their own production capacities and a Bitcoin reserve.
Following Trump's election, Bitmain, a leading ASIC manufacturer, started production in the US in December 2024. Canaan also followed suit, setting up production in the US after the announcement of the new US tariff policy on April 2, 2025. These moves were part of an effort to strengthen domestic capacities, but the dependence on Chinese technology remains for Western mining companies, at least for the time being.
Trump's tariffs on electronic imports from China have affected the business of ASIC manufacturers, leading them to shift production to other countries. Companies like Bitmain, Canaan, and MicroBT, which control over 90% of the global ASIC market, have partially relocated their production to the United States.
Riot Blockchain Inc. has been relying on mining hardware from Chinese manufacturers that originate from production facilities within the USA since June 2023. CleanSpark Inc., on the other hand, has committed to using mining hardware not produced in China or on the OFAC sanctions list.
The US government's push towards self-sufficiency in Bitcoin mining has not been without its challenges. In May 2024, the government ordered MineOne to sell a mining facility in Wyoming due to its proximity to a US nuclear missile base.
New players like Auradine may benefit from the structural change in the global supply chain and the US mining industry becoming more independent with its own production of mining hardware in the long run. The success of this depends not only on political framework conditions but also on technological innovation capacity.
Bitmain continues to dominate the market, as mining companies rely on competitive hardware. The company now produces in Southeast Asian countries like Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand, while Canaan established a production facility in Kazakhstan.
The US's rise to the top spot in Bitcoin mining has been propelled by a shift in hashrate, with over 30% of global Bitcoin mining now taking place in North America. However, more than 90% of mining hardware still comes from China. Despite this, the US mining industry is moving towards a more self-reliant future, with a growing number of US-based mining operations.
Trump's desire for 'all future Bitcoins to be mined in the USA' during his election campaign seems to be materialising, albeit gradually. The US displacing China from the top spot is a testament to the country's commitment to this goal and the potential for the US to become a global leader in Bitcoin mining.
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